Funding, IPOs, project finance. This is the permanent home for every article we publish on finance & m&a — news, analysis, and original data, with named experts and human editorial review.
Voluntary carbon market crashed in 2022-2023 after integrity scandals, recovered partially through 2024-2025 with new quality standards (ICVCM Core Carbon Principles). 2026 sees clearer two-tier market — high-integrity removals trading $80-150/tonne, conventional avoidance credits $5-20/tonne. Total market value ~$2.5 billion in 2025.
Global climate finance flows reached approximately $1.3 trillion annually by 2025, against the $5+ trillion required to limit warming to 1.5°C. Developed-country $100B annual commitment to developing countries finally met in 2022-2023. New $300B target by 2035 agreed at COP29. Blended finance, MDB reforms, voluntary carbon markets emerging.
Climate tech venture funding totaled approximately $42 billion in 2025, down from 2022 peaks but stabilising. Capital concentration in fewer, larger rounds — average Series B+ check size at $60M. Battery storage + grid-scale tech + industrial decarbonisation dominating; mobility softening; agriculture + carbon removal rising. 2026 outlook: stable to growing.
Solar panel costs in India in 2026 range from ₹25–35 per watt for premium Tier 1 modules to ₹18–22 per watt for value-tier ALMM modules. A typical 5 kW residential rooftop costs ₹2.5–3.5 lakh installed; PM Surya Ghar subsidy reduces customer outlay to ₹1.5–2.0 lakh. This guide covers per-watt rates, system pricing by size, financing, and how to avoid overpaying.
Indian residential solar financing crossed ₹4,800 crore disbursed in 2025, growing 65% year-over-year. Public sector banks (SBI, BoI) now offer rooftop solar loans at 8.5–9.5% with 7-year terms. NBFC and fintech players (Mufin Green, GoBOLT) target the unbanked segment with smaller-ticket financing.
Indian corporate renewable PPAs (group captive, third-party, and CPPA structures) crossed 7 GW signed by Q1 2026, up from 4.5 GW one year ago. Manufacturing majors (Reliance, Tata Steel, Vedanta) lead in volume; technology companies (Microsoft, Google, TCS) lead in structuring sophistication.
Indian green bond issuance for renewable energy projects crossed $8 billion in calendar 2025, growing 45% year-over-year. ReNew, Adani Green, JSW Energy, and ACME Solar lead issuance. Coupon rates have compressed 50–80 basis points relative to vanilla corporate bonds — green premium is now real and consistent.